A Democracy Drive Thread

Sending in the Troops

Federalizing the National Guard and deploying soldiers into U.S. cities — Los Angeles, Washington, Memphis, Portland, Chicago — over the objections of governors and mayors, and what the courts said about it.

Through 2025 and into 2026 the administration repeatedly federalized the National Guard and deployed troops into American cities — Los Angeles, Washington, Memphis, Portland, Chicago — usually over the objections of the governors and mayors who run them, and usually framed as a response to crime or immigration-enforcement protests. This thread tracks those deployments in chronological order, with sources, alongside what the courts said about them: more than once, federal judges and ultimately the Supreme Court found the administration had overstepped its authority. The entries are presented in order so the pattern is visible on its own.

7 entries Jun 2025Jan 2026 Every entry is sourced & links back to the archive.
2025

June 9, 2025

Marines and the National Guard to Los Angeles

After protests against immigration raids, Trump federalized more than 4,000 California National Guard troops and deployed about 700 Marines to Los Angeles, over Gov. Gavin Newsom’s objection. In September a federal judge ruled the deployment violated the Posse Comitatus Act, the 19th-century law barring the military from civilian law enforcement; California put the cost to taxpayers near $120 million.

It was the first major use of active-duty troops and federalized Guard against domestic protest of the term — and the first to be ruled illegal.
Sources: NPR ↗ · NBC News ↗ · TIME ↗

August 11, 2025

Occupying the capital

Trump declared a crime emergency in Washington, D.C. and deployed roughly 2,000 National Guard troops, drawing in units from other states. On August 24 the troops began carrying their service weapons. The deployment, costing about $1 million a day, was repeatedly extended and kept in place into 2026.

Unlike a state, D.C. has no governor to refuse; it became the open-ended model for an armed military presence in an American city.

August 25, 2025

A standing force for every state

Trump signed an executive order directing the Pentagon to ensure a “standing National Guard quick reaction force … available for rapid nationwide deployment,” with specialized units to address crime in cities — extending to all 50 states, Puerto Rico and Guam. Defense officials described it as institutionalizing the use of Guard troops for domestic law enforcement.

The order turned a series of one-off deployments into permanent national infrastructure for putting soldiers on American streets.

September 12, 2025

Memphis next

Trump announced a National Guard deployment to Memphis, saying the city was “deeply troubled.” Tennessee’s governor said the troops would support local police rather than make arrests, and a “Memphis Safe Task Force” of federal agencies and Guard members began operating later that month.

Memphis extended the model to a new city and, observers warned, risked normalizing troops as a routine answer to urban crime.

September 28, 2025

Defying a court in Portland

Trump moved to send National Guard troops to Portland over ICE protests, calling the city “war-ravaged.” Oregon and Portland sued; a judge temporarily blocked the deployment, the DOJ was found to have relied on outdated evidence, and in November a federal judge issued a permanent injunction, finding the president’s portrayal of the city “simply untethered to the facts.” The administration appealed.

Portland produced the clearest judicial rebuke yet — and the deployment was wound down by year’s end. (This event also anchors the Crackdown on the Left thread.)

December 23, 2025

Chicago fights back — and the Supreme Court says no

When the administration moved troops toward Chicago, Illinois and the city sued, arguing the deployment was unlawful. A federal judge blocked it in October, and on December 23 the Supreme Court rejected the administration’s bid to deploy the National Guard to the Chicago area while the case proceeded. By the end of 2025 the administration confirmed the Guard was leaving Chicago, Los Angeles and Portland.

It was the highest court to weigh in, and it stopped the deployment — a marker of how far the courts pushed back.
2026

January 18, 2026

Threatening the Insurrection Act over Minnesota — and eyeing San Francisco

Amid ICE protests in Minnesota, Trump posted that he would invoke the Insurrection Act if state officials did not quell what he called “insurrectionists,” and threatened to send military police. He had also told the military’s top generals at Quantico of plans to send troops to “very unsafe” Democratic cities, naming San Francisco among them.

After courts blocked the earlier deployments, the administration reached for the Insurrection Act — the one authority that could override those limits.